Bind views for entropy programming.
Examples
library(ggplot2)
# Invariant
ret <- diff(log(EuStockMarkets))
n <- nrow(ret)
# Prior probabilities (usually equal weight scheme)
prior <- rep(1 / n, n)
# Prior belief for expected returns (here is 0% for each asset)
view_mean <- view_on_mean(x = ret, mean = rep(0, 4))
#' view on volatility
vol <- apply(ret, 2, stats::sd) * 1.1 # volatility 10% higher than average
view_volatility <- view_on_volatility(x = ret, vol = vol)
views_comb <- bind_views(view_mean, view_volatility)
views_comb
#> # ffp view
#> Type: Multiple Views
#> Aeq : Dim 8 x 1859
#> beq : Dim 8 x 1
#> A : Dim 0 x 1
#> b : Dim 0 x 1
ep <- entropy_pooling(p = prior,
Aeq = views_comb$Aeq,
beq = views_comb$beq,
A = views_comb$A,
b = views_comb$b,
solver = "nlminb")
autoplot(ep)